Parkinson's Disease Rates Rising Faster Than Any Other Neurological Condition
Parkinson's disease is the world's fastest-growing neurological disorder, with incidence projected to double in coming decades. A physician specializing in the disease outlines five key facts about exercise, heart health, social engagement, disclosure, and emerging research that offer hope amid rising diagnoses.
Parkinson's disease is becoming more common at a rate faster than any other neurological condition worldwide, with incidence projected to double in the coming decades, according to a physician and scientist who has specialized in the disorder for more than 20 years. The progressive condition affects the brain, nervous system, and muscle control, and there is currently no cure.
The growing prevalence has drawn renewed attention following singer-songwriter Carly Simon's recent announcement of her diagnosis. Simon described the condition as «not a blessing or a gift,» a sentiment that reflects the sobering reality facing patients and families. While pills and other symptomatic therapies can help, the disease eventually worsens over time.
Fear often accompanies a Parkinson's diagnosis, both for those living with the disease and for their loved ones. The greatest concern among those without the disease is the loss of physical independence of their family members, while patients themselves fear progression and the challenges each new day may bring. Knowledge, however, can serve as a powerful antidote to that fear.
A report from the Dana Foundation found that brain health is a top priority for Americans, yet 66% say they have little or no knowledge about brain health research. Older Americans report the lowest levels of knowledge. Better understanding of Parkinson's can remove mystery, help people create a plan, and provide reason to believe a better future is possible for those who receive a diagnosis.
The first point of clarity concerns exercise. Regular physical activity promotes brain health whether or not someone has Parkinson's. For those with the disease, at least 2.5 hours of consistent exercise per week can slow symptom progression and improve physical and emotional well-being. Studies show high levels of regular physical activity are strongly associated with a better clinical course of disease. The best kinds of exercise are anything that gets people off the couch, with some patients taking up boxing and dance.
Heart health matters too. What is good for the heart is also good for the brain. Heart-healthy habits such as a well-balanced diet, quality sleep, and not smoking keep the heart strong and protect the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to energy-hungry brain cells.
Staying involved is another critical factor. Parkinson's has been observed to unlock new artistic skills and interests. Finding projects that keep people interacting with others and demand mental effort is important for everyone and critical for those with Parkinson's. Social interaction and engagement may help maintain daily function, contribute to brain health, and improve overall well-being.
Sharing a diagnosis is a personal decision. Research shows some people stay silent about Parkinson's, citing concerns about discrimination at work, stigma, or losing their dignity. Silence can be isolating. Conversely, sharing the diagnosis can deepen bonds with family and friends. Families have been seen growing closer, with friends rallying to offer daily walks, games, classes, and get-togethers. The Michael J. Fox Foundation provides support for those interested in discussing their disease openly.
Finally, strides are being made to find new ways to tackle the biology of Parkinson's that were previously beyond reach. The development of an investigational gene therapy aimed at stopping the clock on disease progression is one example, with a goal of helping patients maintain or improve motor symptoms so daily life is minimally disrupted. Scientists in academia and industry are advancing molecular neuroscience, gene delivery, imaging, and biomarkers. While these efforts have not yet simplified the complexity and unpredictability of Parkinson's, there is reason to hope for advances in care that go beyond symptom management.
For the physician-scientist, Parkinson's disease is humbling. Patients want more from Parkinson's medicines and a different future after diagnosis. Growing momentum and a growing body of evidence keep progress moving forward so patients and families living with the disease can move forward too.
